Fighting shakes Sudan's Khartoum as displaced people battle disease

Fierce fighting between the forces of rival generals have shaken the Sudanese capital Khartoum as disease and malnutrition threatened the rising number of displaced.

Khartoum residents said they were shaken awake by warplanes and "violent fighting" on Sunday, between forces loyal to army chief Abdel Fattah al Burhan and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF).

Witnesses said a police base and the state television building in the capital's northwest were under attack by the RSF, who said they had shot down an army MiG fighter.

In central Khartoum, others saw "scores of RSF vehicles" driving towards the vicinity of "the Armoured Corps".

"The situation is grave," the medical charity Doctors Without Borders (MSF) said in a statement detailing the hardships of displaced Sudanese stuck in nine camps in White Nile State which borders South Sudan.

In addition to Khartoum, the worst fighting has been in the western region of Darfur where residents, as well as the United Nations, United States and others, say civilians have been targeted and killed for their ethnicity by the RSF and allied Arab militias.

The death toll is believed to be much higher than recorded, as the World Health Organization says about two-thirds of health facilities are "out of service" in combat-affected areas.

25 million in humanitarian need

Since April 15, the fighting between Burhan and his former deputy, RSF chief Dagalo, has killed nearly 3,000 people and displaced 2.2 million within the country, with another 645,000 fleeing across borders, according to the International Organization for Migration.

The conflict has smashed the country's already fragile infrastructure, leaving residents short of water and electricity in the oppressive summer heat.

Numerous ceasefires, including some negotiated by the United States and Saudi Arabia, have failed to hold.

A record 25 million people in Sudan need humanitarian aid and protection, the UN says.

"Hundreds of thousands of people, most of them women and children", pack camps that stretch out from the south of Khartoum all the way to the border with South Sudan, MSF said.

"There are suspected cases of measles, and malnutrition among children has become a vital health emergency."

"From June 6 to 7 we treated 223 children with suspected measles, 72 were hospitalised and 13 have died," MSF said.