Ugandan troops join regional force in DRC to oversee withdrawal of rebels

Ugandan troops operating as part of an East African regional military force have entered the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) joining Kenyan and Burundian contingents to supervise a planned pull-back of M23 rebels.

The Ugandan contingent of the East African Community (EAC) force entered the Congolese town of Bunagana on Friday morning, according to the force commander, Kenyan General Jeff Nyagah.

He told reporters that about 1,000 Ugandan soldiers had crossed into Bunagana - which lies on the Ugandan border - as part of a contingent that is expected to eventually comprise 2,000 troops. 

The Ugandan troops who entered the DRC on Friday are due to deploy to several locations in Rutshuru, a region of North Kivu which is under extensive M23 control.

Nyagah added that the M23 withdrawal would be "sequenced".

Kenyan and Burundian soldiers have also deployed to the DRC as part of the EAC force, and South Sudanese troops are also expected to arrive shortly.

READ MORE: No retreat by M23 rebels from eastern DRC on deadline

Volatile eastern DRC

On Thursday evening, Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni stated that the troops are not due to fight the M23.

Rather, they will "occupy some of the positions that the M23 has handed over to the East African Force as a neutral force", he said.

March 30 was supposed to mark the end of the withdrawal of "all armed groups", according to a timetable adopted in mid-February by the EAC. The deadline was not respected.

The M23 has conquered swathes of territory in eastern DRC since taking up arms again in late 2021 after years of dormancy.

Hundreds of thousands of people have been displaced by the conflict, with the rebels also threatening to surround the city of Goma.

Last June, the seven-nation EAC decided to create a military force to stabilise volatile eastern DRC.

READ MORE: Angola to deploy 500 troops to DRC's militia-menaced east

Failed ceasefires

The M23 first came to international prominence in 2012 when it captured Goma, before being driven out and going to ground.

But the Tutsi-led group re-emerged from dormancy in late 2021, arguing that the government had ignored a promise to integrate its fighters into the army.

It then won a string of victories against the Congolese army and captured large chunks of North Kivu province, including the important border crossing of Bunagana.

Several regional initiatives intended to defuse the conflict have failed.

A ceasefire mediated by Angola was due to take effect on March 7, for example, but collapsed almost immediately.

Although there has been no major fighting between the army and the M23 for the past two weeks, the rebels have regularly clashed with opposing militias.

READ MORE: M23 rebels 'withdraw' from DRC villages as regional troops deploy