Tensions over Beirut blast investigation pushes Lebanon into new crisis

Growing tension over a judicial probe into last year's Beirut port blast threatens to push Lebanon into yet another political crisis, testing Prime Minister Najib Mikati's new government as it struggles to dig the country out of economic collapse.

More than a year since the explosion ripped through Beirut, killing more than 200 people, Judge Tarek Bitar's efforts to hold senior officials to account for suspected negligence are facing mounting political pushback.

Ministers aligned with the politicians Bitar has sought to question were expected to press the demand for his removal at a cabinet meeting on Wednesday, after the subject disrupted a stormy session on Tuesday.

But the session was postponed until a framework as to how best to tackle the row over Bitar would be agreed, an official source told Reuters.

It is a big distraction that risks undermining Mikati, who took office last month after more than a year of squabbling over cabinet seats as Lebanon sank deeper into one of the world's worst economic depressions, analysts say.

The row has also underlined the major sway of the heavily armed, Iran-backed Shia group Hezbollah, which has called for Bitar to be replaced accusing him of conducting a politicised probe picking on certain people.

READ MORE: Hezbollah reportedly threatens Beirut explosion investigator

The most senior politician Bitar has sought to question, former finance minister Ali Hassan Khalil, said all options were open for political escalation when asked during an interview on Tuesday whether some ministers could quit.

Khalil is the right-hand man of Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri - the most senior Shi'ite in the state - and a close Hezbollah ally. Khalil told al-Mayadeen TV the path of the probe threatened to push Lebanon "towards civil strife".

Hezbollah and its Shia ally Amal have pulled their ministers out of government at times of political conflict, a move that would torpedo the Sunni-led cabinet by stripping it of Shi'ite representation.

Hezbollah accuses US of meddling

Hezbollah accused the US on Wednesday of interfering in Lebanon's investigation into last year’s massive explosion at the Beirut port, with the aim of implicating the militant group and its allies.

Hezbollah lawmaker Hassan Fadallah's response to criticism from a State Department spokesperson comes amid a developing crisis engulfing the domestic probe. The investigation was temporarily suspended Tuesday amid legal challenges from defendants against lead investigator Bitar.

The US official's comments are a “new violation of Lebanon’s sovereignty” that expose “the extent of interference aimed at controlling and steering the investigation,” Fadallah said.

Hezbollah’s comments are the first to directly accuse Washington of interfering and dictating how the port probe should go. They signal an escalation of a campaign against the 46-year-old judge that rights groups say is aimed at discrediting the investigation.

READ MORE: Top Lebanese officials implicated in Beirut blast, UN probe recommended

Energy sapping

Mikati has previously said Lebanon could not bear the loss of a second judge after the first investigator was removed in February when a court accepted a complaint questioning his impartiality.

Mikati's priority is reviving IMF talks to save Lebanon. But he doesn't have long, with elections due next spring.

Heiko Wimmen of Crisis Group said the row would "sap energy and it also makes (Mikati) look weak". "It puts a huge question mark, or adds one, to the doubts that already everyone has concerning the viability of this government."

Hezbollah was "showing its brute influence and force and that definitely reflects badly on Mikati government", added Mohanad Hage Ali of the Carnegie Middle East Center.

The government does not have the authority to remove Bitar but could revoke a previous decision that transferred the probe to the judicial council, said Nizar Saghieh, head of the Legal Agenda, a research and advocacy organisation. This would be a major assault on "the separation of powers".

Foreign states from which Lebanon hopes to secure aid have called for a transparent investigation caused by a huge quantity of unsafely stored ammonium nitrate.

US State Department spokesperson Ned Price on Tuesday accused Hezbollah of threatening Lebanon's judiciary, and being more concerned with its own and Iran's interests than with those of the Lebanese people.

Hezbollah lawmaker Hassan Fadllalah said those remarks violated Lebanese sovereignty and showed "the level of intervention to control the Beirut port blast investigation”.

All the former officials Bitar has sought to question on suspected negligence deny any wrongdoing. They include Hassan Diab, the prime minister at the time of the blast.

Bitar's critics say he has breached the constitution by pursuing senior officials against whom any cases should pass through a special process for presidents and ministers.